Eurasian Journal of Humanities and Social Sciences
Eurasian Journal of Humanities and Social Sciences (EJHSS) is an Open Access, Peer Reviewed, International, Refereed, Scientific Journal that publishes original research and review articles related to diverse areas of Humanities and Social Sciences etc. The main objective of Eurasian Journal of Humanities and Social Sciences (EJHSS) is to offer an intellectual platform to the international scholars and it aims to promote interdisciplinary studies in Humanities and Social Sciences. All manuscripts must be prepared in English language and subject to a rigorous peer-review process. The scope of the journal is not limited to Humanities: Anthropology, Archaeology, History, Linguistic and Languages, Law and Politics, Literature, Philosophy, Religion, Performing Arts, Visual Arts, etc. Social Sciences: Civics, Demography, Economics, Media studies, Geography ISSN (E): 2795-7683 Journal Impact Factor: 7.875
Spiritual Stability: Content, Criteria And Opportunities For Strengthening
This article analyzes the concept of spiritual stability as an important condition for personal maturity, social harmony and sustainable development. Spiritual stability is interpreted not only as a person’s inner moral strength, but also as the ability of individuals and communities to preserve human dignity, ethical responsibility, cultural identity and constructive behavior under social, economic and ideological pressure. The article discusses the content of spiritual stability, its main criteria, and the pedagogical, cultural and institutional opportunities for strengthening it in modern society. Special attention is given to education, family, national values, critical thinking, civic responsibility and global citizenship as practical mechanisms for developing spiritual resilience. The study concludes that spiritual stability is a dynamic quality that must be continuously cultivated through moral education, social justice, cultural continuity and meaningful participation in public life.
Copyright (c) 2026 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
Cultural And Educational Infrastructure Of The Southern Regions Of Uzbekistan During The Years Of Independence
Based on archival sources and statistical data, this article analyzes the formation, development, and systemic problems faced by the cultural and educational infrastructure of the southern regions of Uzbekistan during the years of independence. The study highlights the shrinking trends of club institutions and the library network, the condition of the material and technical base, as well as the problems of personnel potential and their education levels in rural areas. Furthermore, the measures implemented by the state to finance the sector and provide social protection for its employees are outlined.
The Spread of The Hanafi School in The Period of Movarounnahr and The Important Services of Its Fukhis
The Hanafi school of thought first emerged in the city of Kufa. It was founded by Abu Hanifa, may God have mercy on him. For this reason, this school is called the "Hanafi" school. Although the Hanafi school of thought entered Transoxiana in the 8th-9th centuries, the most valuable works within the school were written between the 10th and 13th centuries. During this period, the jurists of the school made a wide range of great services to the Hanafi school of thought. Although their original origin was not Arabic, their works were written in Arabic. This indicates that they had thoroughly mastered almost all the sciences of Islam. Some of the jurists wrote in prose, while others wrote in verse. This indicates that the jurists of Transoxiana were well-versed in the science of jurisprudence. In this article, we will cover this topic in detail!
Cognitive Foundations Of Toponym Formation (Based On Materials From Southern Uzbekistan)
This article provides a scholarly analysis of toponyms as products of human intellectual, cognitive, and discursive activity. The phenomenon of onomastic transfer is interpreted as a speech process, and the semantic, onomasiological, and cognitive mechanisms involved in object naming are identified. The processes of appellativization of proper names and onymization of common nouns are examined as manifestations of the intrinsic relationship between language and speech units. The formation of natural and artificial nominations is demonstrated through the interaction between toponyms and appellative units in connection with the semantic sources of geographical names. Toponymic lexis is evaluated from cognitive and ethnolinguistic perspectives, substantiating its status as one of the most significant layers of language reflecting collective thinking, historical memory, and cultural experience.
Measures For Preventing Environmental Problems And Their Practical Solutions
This article discusses environmental problems that are currently considered urgent on both global and regional scales, their causes, and measures for their prevention. The impact of such environmental issues as air pollution, depletion of water resources, soil degradation, waste problems, and reduction of biodiversity on human health and the economy is analyzed. In addition, the practical significance of modern methods for solving environmental problems, resource-saving technologies, renewable energy sources, and environmental monitoring systems is described.
Fundamentals Of Optimization Of Cadastral Documents And Requirements For Them
This article discusses the scientific and practical foundations of optimizing cadastral documents and the requirements imposed on them. The role of cadastral documentation in land management, real estate registration, urban planning, and property relations is analyzed. Modern approaches to the optimization of cadastral systems, including digital technologies, geographic information systems (GIS), electronic databases, and automated cadastral management systems, are scientifically substantiated. In addition, the legal, technical, and informational requirements for cadastral documents, as well as their importance in ensuring transparency, accuracy, and efficiency in land administration, are highlighted.
Practical Significance Of The Mechanism Of Metabolism In Microorganisms
This article highlights the biological and practical significance of metabolic processes in microorganisms. The metabolic activity of microorganisms and their important role in the food industry, agriculture, biotechnology, pharmaceuticals, and ecology were analyzed. The main stages of metabolic processes, enzymatic reactions, mechanisms of energy production, and their industrial applications were scientifically described. In addition, the practical significance of aerobic and anaerobic metabolism, biosynthesis, and biodegradation processes of microorganisms was demonstrated.
Prof. Shukhrat Ismatullayevich Irnazarov
Main Factors Affecting The Growth And Development Of Microorganisms
The article discusses the activity of microorganisms in soils, their role in increasing soil fertility, symbiotic relationships, and the process of nitrogen fixation. Information about nitrogen-fixing bacteria and their characteristics is provided.
Female Characters And The American Dream: Gendered Limitations In Theodore Dreiser's An American Tragedy
Theodore Dreiser’s “An American Tragedy” explores the unequal nature of the American Dream through the experiences of its female characters. This article examines Roberta Alden, Sondra Finchley, and the maternal figures in the novel in order to analyze how gender and class restrict women’s opportunities. The study argues that Dreiser portrays female ambition as limited by social expectations, economic dependence, and patriarchal authority. Through these characters, the novel reveals that social mobility was not equally accessible to women regardless of their social position.
Functional Capabilities Of Zoonymic Language Units In Text Formation: A Comparative Study Of English And Uzbek
This article investigates the functional capabilities of zoonymic language units in text formation in English and Uzbek. Zoonymic units, which include lexical and phraseological expressions containing animal names, play an important role in representing nationalcultural worldviews, emotional evaluation, and stylistic expressiveness. The study aims to identify the semantic, stylistic, and linguocultural functions of zoonymic components in literary and everyday discourse. Comparative, contextual, semantic, and linguocultural analysis methods are employed in the research. The findings demonstrate that zoonymic units in both languages serve as effective means of characterization, emotional evaluation, metaphorical representation, and text cohesion. Despite certain universal semantic associations, English and Uzbek zoonymic expressions reveal significant national-cultural differences shaped by historical traditions, social values, and collective mentality. The article concludes that zoonymic language units constitute an important linguocultural layer and actively participate in text formation processes in both languages.
Tribal Languages: Linguacultural Peculiarities And Their Usage In Modern Linguistics
This article examines the linguacultural peculiarities of tribal languages from a comparative and descriptive perspective. Tribal languages reflect unique worldviews shaped by cultural traditions, social structures, and environmental conditions. The study aims to analyze how language and culture interact in tribal communities and how linguistic structures encode cultural meanings. Using a linguacultural approach, the research explores lexical, semantic, and pragmatic features that distinguish tribal languages from standardized languages. The findings show that tribal languages preserve cultural identity through metaphorical expressions, oral traditions, kinship terminology, and nature-based conceptualization. The study concludes that tribal languages serve as both communicative systems and cultural memory carriers
Contemporary Uzbek Modern Literature And The Impact Of Eliot’s Works On It
This article explores the influence of T. S. Eliot on contemporary Uzbek modern literature. The study aims to analyze how Eliot’s poetic techniques, modernist philosophy, and literary innovations have contributed to the development of Uzbek poetic expression and critical thought. Using comparative literary analysis, the research examines intertextual connections, stylistic adaptation, and thematic similarities between Eliot’s works and selected examples of Uzbek modern poetry. The findings indicate that Eliot’s influence is visible in the use of fragmented structure, symbolism, philosophical reflection, and modernist aesthetics in Uzbek literary discourse. The article concludes that Eliot’s works have played an important role in shaping modern literary consciousness in Uzbekistan, particularly in the areas of poetic form and intellectual depth.
The Representation Of Psychological Disorders In The Picture Of Dorian Gray By Oscar Wilde
This article examines the representation of psychological disorders in The Picture of Dorian Gray. It aims to analyze key psychological dimensions of the protagonist, including narcissistic traits, moral corruption, and identity fragmentation. Using qualitative textual analysis, the study explores how aesthetic philosophy and the pursuit of eternal youth contribute to Dorian Gray’s psychological transformation. The findings suggest that his obsession with beauty results in progressive moral disengagement and the development of a divided self, symbolized through the contrast between his unchanging appearance and the deteriorating portrait. The study concludes that Wilde’s novel offers a profound psychological insight into the consequences of excessive desire and moral detachment
The Role Of Lexical Stylistic Devices In Creating Poetic Imagery
This article examines the lexical stylistic devices play an essential role in forming the imagery of a poem, functioning as the primary means through which abstract ideas are materialised and emotional experiences are expressed. Imagery in poetry is not merely decorative; it is an integral part of the poem’s semantic and structural organisation. The use of expressive lexical units allows poets to craft vivid pictures that appeal to the reader’s senses, imagination, and intellect. Lexical stylistic devices also contribute to structural cohesion. Imagery created through symbolic or metaphorical vocabulary often recurs throughout the poem, forming thematic unity. Extended metaphors, leitmotifs, and clusters of related symbolic words create semantic coherence and guide the reader’s interpretation.
Social Realism And Historical Context In The Works Of John Steinbeck
Article explores the themes of social realism and historical context in the works of John Steinbeck, a prominent American author of the 20th century. It examines how Steinbeck's writing reflects the social issues and economic challenges faced by individuals and communities during the Great Depression and other significant historical events. Through an analysis of key texts such as "The Grapes of Wrath" and "Of Mice and Men," the article highlights Steinbeck's portrayal of the struggles of marginalized groups, including migrant workers and impoverished families. It also discusses how his characters embody the resilience of the human spirit amidst adversity, showcasing the interconnectedness of individual experiences and broader societal issues. By situating Steinbeck's work within its historical context, the article underscores the relevance of his themes to contemporary social justice movements and the enduring impact of his literary legacy
Main Semantic Peculiarities And Functional Role Of Speaking Verbs In English And Uzbek
The present article investigates the semantic peculiarities of speaking verbs in English and Uzbek and examines their functional role in speech and literary discourse. Speaking verbs constitute an important lexical-semantic group expressing communication, emotional states, speaker attitude, and interpersonal relations. The research aims to analyze the semantic classification, stylistic functions, and linguocultural characteristics of speaking verbs in the two languages. Comparative, semantic, contextual, and functional methods are applied in the study. The analysis demonstrates that speaking verbs in English and Uzbek perform not only nominative functions but also emotional-expressive, evaluative, pragmatic, and text-forming functions. The findings reveal both universal and culturespecific semantic features shaped by communicative traditions and national mentality. The article concludes that speaking verbs occupy an important place in discourse organization and literary characterization in both languages.
Main Differences And Similarities Of The Sentence Stress In English And Uzbek
This article investigates the main differences and similarities of sentence stress in English and Uzbek from phonetic, functional, and communicative perspectives. Sentence stress plays an essential role in oral speech by organizing information, emphasizing semantic importance, and expressing speaker attitude. The purpose of the study is to compare the characteristics, functions, and patterns of sentence stress in English and Uzbek and to identify their common and distinctive features. The research applies comparative, descriptive, phonetic, and functional methods of analysis. The findings demonstrate that sentence stress in both languages contributes to meaning differentiation, emotional expressiveness, and communicative effectiveness. However, significant differences exist in rhythmic organization, intonation patterns, stress placement, and information structure. The article concludes that sentence stress reflects both universal communicative principles and language-specific phonetic traditions.
Main Features Of Speech Acts And Their Place In Modern Linguistics
This article examines the concept of speech acts and their significance in modern linguistics. Speech acts represent one of the central aspects of communication because language is used not only to convey information but also to perform actions such as requesting, apologizing, promising, and advising. The purpose of this study is to analyze the theoretical foundations, classifications, and communicative functions of speech acts within contemporary linguistic research. The article applies descriptive and analytical methods to investigate how speech acts operate in spoken interaction and how they contribute to pragmatic meaning. The findings demonstrate that speech act theory occupies an important place in modern linguistics due to its connection with pragmatics, discourse analysis, and intercultural communication. The study concludes that speech acts reflect the relationship between language, intention, and social interaction.
Synonymy As An Important Phenomena In Lexical Semantics: Structure, Meaning, And Use
Synonymy is one of the central phenomena studied in lexical semantics because it reveals the complexity and richness of word meaning in language. This article examines the concept of synonymy, its major types, characteristics, and functions in communication. Special attention is paid to the semantic relationships between synonymous words and their role in organizing lexical systems. The study discusses absolute, ideographic, stylistic, and contextual synonyms, emphasizing that complete synonymy is extremely rare in natural languages. The article also explores the significance of synonymy in vocabulary enrichment, stylistic expression, translation, lexicography, and language teaching. Through the analysis of semantic similarity, emotional coloring, and contextual usage, the paper demonstrates that synonymy is an essential component of lexical semantics and an important mechanism of effective communication
Difficulties In Translating Metaphorical And Symbolic Elements In Narratives About Amir Timur
This article examines the key difficulties involved in translating metaphorical and symbolic elements in narratives depicting Amir Timur across English and Russian literary traditions. The study focuses on how culturally embedded metaphors, historical symbolism, and ideologically shaped imagery challenge the achievement of semantic equivalence in translation. Using a comparative literary and discourse-analytical approach, the research analyzes selected texts from both traditions to identify recurring translation problems, including loss of connotation, distortion of symbolic meaning, and shifts in evaluative tone. Special attention is given to the role of cultural context, intertextual references, and translator subjectivity in shaping the reconstructed image of Timur. The findings demonstrate that metaphor and symbolism are not merely linguistic features but carriers of cultural memory and ideological framing. The article proposes context-sensitive translation strategies that preserve both meaning and stylistic nuance in cross-cultural narratives.
Ethnocultural Values And Healthy Lifestyle Culture: A Socio-Philosophical Approach
This article examines the ethnocultural foundations of developing a healthy lifestyle culture in modern society. It highlights that a healthy lifestyle is not only a medical or socio-economic issue, but also a socio-philosophical phenomenon rooted in national traditions, cultural values, and historical experience. The study analyzes the role of ethnocultural factors such as family upbringing, traditional knowledge, dietary practices, and folk pedagogy in shaping health-related behaviors. Special attention is given to the relationship between cultural values and sustainable lifestyle practices, including harmony with nature, moral development, and social responsibility. The findings suggest that integrating ethnocultural heritage with modern scientific approaches enhances the effectiveness of promoting a healthy lifestyle culture.
The Formation Of National And Religious Consciousness And Its Role In The Spiritual Development Of Society
The following article analyzes the content, structure, and functions of national and religious consciousness, as well as their role in the spiritual culture of society, from a sociophilosophical perspective. National consciousness is illuminated as a form of social consciousness that expresses an individual's awareness of their national identity and their attitude toward historical memory, language, customs, and cultural heritage. Religious consciousness is considered as a spiritual phenomenon that shapes human perceptions of divinity, moral values, and the meaning of life. Furthermore, the article reveals the cognitive, value-ethical, emotional, and practical components of national and religious consciousness, and substantiates their identification, integrative, educational, regulatory, and communicative functions. It also analyzes the role of these forms of consciousness in the spiritual stability of society, the preservation of cultural heritage, and the spiritual maturity of the individual.
Human Virtues And Social Responsibility Of An Entrepreneur: Social-Philosophical Analysis
This article analyzes the entrepreneur’s human qualities and social responsibility from a socio-philosophical perspective. The relevance of the study lies in the fact that in the modern market economy the entrepreneur can no longer be understood merely as a profit-seeking economic agent, but must also be viewed as an active subject who shapes social trust, moral legitimacy, stakeholder relations, and collective well-being. The aim of the article is to conceptualize the entrepreneur’s human qualities and social responsibility not simply as matters of private morality, but as an integrated socio-philosophical construct formed at the intersection of economic activity, institutional norms, stakeholder relations, social capital, and cultural values. The study employs axiological, hermeneutic, comparative-analytical, institutional, and stakeholder approaches. The literature review demonstrates that recent research on entrepreneurship ethics has expanded rapidly, that entrepreneurs’ personal values influence corporate social responsibility orientations, and that trustworthiness stands at the ethical core of organization–stakeholder relations. As a result, the article proposes a six-component model of entrepreneurial human qualities and social responsibility: integrity, justice, empathy, trustworthiness, self-restraint, and a commitment to social usefulness. The study concludes that human qualities in entrepreneurship are not decorative additions to business, but the normative foundation of its legitimacy, sustainability, and public acceptability
Pragmatic characteristics of syntactic units of the Uzbek language and their role in the educational process
This article provides a deep scientific analysis of the hierarchical system of syntactic units of the Uzbek language, their practical manifestations in oral and written speech, methodological and communicative-pragmatic functions. The article reveals the grammatical and pragmatic functions of syntactic sentences. Also, innovative and pedagogical-didactic principles of teaching syntactic units in secondary schools within the framework of continuous education are substantiated.
Development Of Educational Tourism In The Context Of The Digital Economy
This article analyzes the development trends of educational tourism in the context of the digital economy and its significance at both national and global levels. Educational tourism is considered as an integrated sector closely linked with digital transformation processes, highlighting its role in enhancing the export of educational services, expanding international student mobility, and strengthening the country’s global reputation. The article also examines the impact of artificial intelligence, Big Data, online and hybrid learning platforms, as well as digital marketing tools on the development of educational tourism. Furthermore, international experience and practices in Uzbekistan are studied through a comparative analysis, and the sector’s strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats are identified using a SWOT analysis. Based on statistical data, the growth dynamics of international student flows are analyzed, substantiating that digital transformation is a key factor in ensuring the sustainable and competitive development of educational tourism.
Women in Sales Leadership: Moving towards Gender Diversity and Inclusion in the Sales Management Environment in Nigeria
This paper has explored the issue of women in sales leadership with emphasis on organisational, cultural and structural impediments that prevent women from rising to the sales management roles in Nigeria. The research used a convergent mixed-methods methodology, which was a combination of a national stratified survey including about 450 sales professionals, 30 semi-structured interviews and three company case studies. The research model involved the analysis of the probability of promotion through logistic regression and the thematic analysis to test the lived experiences of the participants. Results, derived through a review of available literature and pilot data, showed that sponsorship and institutionalised human resources tracks are important factors in diminishing gender inequity in promotion. Moreover, flexible role design is demonstrated to enhance retention and promote women with caregiving duties more. The article ends by presenting policy implications and recommendations that the firm-level practices should be geared towards putting in place quantifiable and sustainable channels for women moving to sales leadership roles.
The Role Of National Values And Traditions In Shaping A Harmonious Generation
This article examines the educational, moral, and social significance of national values and traditions in the formation of a harmonious generation. A harmonious generation is understood as a cohort of young people whose intellectual development, ethical responsibility, civic consciousness, emotional stability, and cultural identity evolve in balance rather than in isolation. The study argues that national values and traditions should not be reduced to symbolic heritage or ceremonial repetition. Their deeper pedagogical function lies in transmitting norms of conduct, collective memory, intergenerational continuity, social solidarity, and respect for human dignity. At the same time, the article maintains that traditions become educationally productive only when they are interpreted critically and aligned with universal principles such as equality, tolerance, and the rights of the child.
Pedagogical Conditions For Developing Information And Communicative Competence Of Future Engineers In The Process Of Independent Education
This in the article independent education in the process future engineers informational and communicative competence development pedagogical conditions analysis Modern digital education in the environment students independent knowledge to take activity organization to grow important pedagogical from tasks one is considered . In the study informational and communicative competence content , its structural components and independent education in the process this competence to develop impact provider pedagogical factors studied . Also , independent education process organization in the process of digital technologies , electronics education resources and innovative pedagogical from methods of use efficiency based on given . Research results engineering in education independent education efficiency increase and students information with work competencies to develop service does .
information and communication competence
Supply Chain Reliability And Export Competitiveness Of Agro-Industries In Southern Nigeria
This study examined the relationship between supply chain reliability and export competitiveness of agro-industries in Southern Nigeria. Specifically, the study investigated the influence of information sharing and logistics reliability on the Export Competitiveness Index of selected agro-industrial firms. A quantitative research design employing a descriptive survey approach was adopted. Data were collected from 187 managerial and operational staff across export-oriented agro-industrial firms in the South-South region of Nigeria. The data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, Pearson correlation, and multiple regression analysis with the aid of SPSS version 26. Findings revealed that information sharing (r = 0.548, p < 0.01; β = 0.298, p < 0.001) and logistics reliability (r = 0.621, p < 0.01; β = 0.441, p < 0.001) both have significant positive effects on export competitiveness. Logistics reliability emerged as the strongest predictor of export competitiveness. The regression model explained 47 percent of the variance in export competitiveness. The study concludes that strengthening supply chain coordination and logistics systems is critical for improving non-oil export performance and enhancing the global competitiveness of agro-industries in Southern Nigeria. The study recommends increased investment in digital information-sharing platforms, resilient logistics infrastructure, and supportive trade facilitation policies.
Social-Philosophical Analysis Of The Phenomenon Of Tolerance
The article reveals the system of tolerance as one of the most urgent socio-philosophical problems of our time. The concept of tolerance is understood as being patient and tolerant towards the behavior, lifestyle, thoughts, speech, feelings, beliefs, and actions of others